This exceptional bone is found at the root of the tongue just above the thyroid cartilage, below the chin, at the midline of the neck. The four muscles above or superior to the hyoid bone provide attachment to muscles that form the floor of the mouth. But many other muscles are controlled by our tongue inferiorly or below the chin. They are attached to the collar bone. Hum, the tongue is attached to the collar bone? This free-floating bone is not attached to another bone in the body.
Positioning of the hyoid bone is the responsibility of the infrahyoid and suprahyoid muscles. These muscles are very important for the complete act of swallowing and action of the larynx. Stay with me here. The suprahyoid muscles are attached above the hyoid bone and infrahyoid below the hyoid with attachment to the clavicle or collar bone.
An ankyloglossia, or tethered oral tissue, also named tongue-tie, can be the cause of medical conditions that are not routinely diagnosed. Headaches, shoulder and neck pain can be caused by tight muscles attached to the hyoid bone. With a tongue-tie those suprahyoid muscles are typically tight, pulling on the tongue when it attempts to function, but cannot because it is anchored to the floor of the mouth.
This restricts the tongue from normal movement and function. The tongue has many duties, including maintaining the airway, assisting with chewing, swallowing, and most importantly facial development, speech and digestion.
When the tongue is developing in utero at about the fourth week, its first duty is to shape the maxilla. The tongue should reach the palate to form a nice wide horseshoe shape. When the frenum is tight, short or anchored to the floor of the mouth, this shape will not take place, nor will normal facial development take place. Orthodontic treatment is sure to be scheduled in the future for patients with a tethered tongue, if it is not released at a very young age. Malocclusion is sure to develop.
This singly attached muscle has not been able to do its job. What is Instigating the Problems? It all starts at birth. A short, tight membrane underneath the tongue, called frenum, frenulum, frenula, attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth. The oral cavity has seven frenums. Each one can be tethered or restrict normal movement. The tongue frenum is exceedingly strong and can restrict movement and normal function. It seems like an epidemic the past years that infants are challenged with tethered oral tissues, both tongue and lip ties.
This can prevent normal development, because of breast or bottle-feeding issues, and they are often diagnosed with failure to thrive. Babies are not able to nurse with a tongue that is tethered. The tongue cannot create its peristaltic action wave like while breast feeding. These are all very real concerns. Families are already dealing with the many concerns of a new baby. Our tongue controls our body in ways we are unaware.
The human body is amazing in the way it operates and functions together, seemingly without any thought on our part. Airway — The airway is the most valuable system in the human body.
Without it the body would not be thriving. If the tongue is anchored or tethered too tightly to the floor of the mouth, movement and function are restricted. This can be the cause of snoring, sleep apnea, gagging and vocal sounds.
Without a clear airway normal breathing cannot take place. Should the tongue fall back into the airway while sleeping, snoring erupts and disrupts households. During the day with a tethered tongue, the airway may be blocked and the only way to open the airway is to place the head in a forward position to breathe through the mouth. Open mouth posture can cause fatigue, brain fog, lack of attentiveness, and also hyperactivity. A good latch in turn creates suction to release nourishment.
The infant needs to breast feed efficiently in order to keep the breast milk supply replenished. It is causing pain and frustration to the mother and frustration and failure to thrive to the infant. This can lead to developmental concerns. There are many other symptoms that are attached to tongue-tie and breast and bottle feeding i.
Children and adults can have health issues that are attached to tongue-ties. This book can give you answers to many of your own questions. Infants need to be evaluated by an experienced, knowledgeable professional who works with tongue-ties and lip-ties.
Chewing — Without proper movement and function, the tongue cannot move food from side to side for sufficient chewing for complete digestion. Not sure if that happens, as many people are in the eat and run mode. Cleaning of the Mouth — Freedom and movement is needed for the tongue to clean each and every tooth in the mouth. Facial Development — Our nose is not an ornament on our face but allows the body to keep functioning.
Nasal airway is important to breath filtered, moist, humidified air. When not using our nasal passages to breathe the mid-face will not develop or grow normally. It should be a topic of conversation with all patients, at each dental visit as it can impact life or death.
Patients with sleep apnea can die from heart attacks. These patients are unaware that they snore or stop breathing at night or while taking a nap. This is not true. This involuntary period when breathing stops is called apnea. Normally, air is flowing through the nose to the lungs at all times. If the air space in the throat is too narrow the flow of air stops. Snoring is a trait of OSA.
Symptoms include headaches, forgetfulness, grumpiness, irritability, poor job performance, depression, and loss of interest in sex.
More severe health issues can be hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Proper diagnosis is essential followed by treatment. Open Mouth Posture — This is also called mouth breathing. Mouth breathing allows infections to enter the body easily since there is no filter via the oral cavity. This small projection is the lesser horn, or lesser cornu. When the structures above and below it are at rest, the hyoid bone lies slightly below the lower border of the mandible. In the frontal plane the body of the hyoid is about in line with the last molar tooth.
From its resting position the hyoid bone can be moved upwards and downwards, and forwards and backwards, by the muscles that are attached to it. Avatar icon Avatar icon Sign In. Already a Subscriber? Required Required. Forgot Password? Enter an Access Code. Sign in via: Open Athens Shibboleth. Become a subscriber to watch this video.
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